Aero-optic imaging is a kind of optical effect, which describes the imaging deviation on the imaging plane. In this paper, the effect of the change of Mach number of blunt aircraft on the aero-optic imaging deviation is studied. The imaging deviations of Mach number 0.5-3 are analyzed systematically. The results show that with the increase of Mach number, imaging deviation increases gradually, and the increase rate is gradually slow. Imaging deviation slope decreases gradually with the increase of Mach number, and gradually tends to be zero, suggesting that imaging deviation is not sensitive to the change of the larger Mach number. In other words, the Mach number of smaller changes can lead to larger imaging deviation. As the Mach number of the aircraft increases, the slope of the imaging offset tends to be closer and closer to 0. When the Mach number of the aircraft increases to a certain extent, the change of the imaging offset will not have much influence. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of flight speed on imaging migration, the aircraft should fly at a higher Mach number.

针对建筑病害缺乏有效和高精度无损检测手段，同时传统人工检测受建筑围护结构饰面层病害区域的高度、面积等方面的限制，提出一种红外成像和倾斜摄影三维融合并建立含有建筑病害信息的三维模型电子档案的方法。本文以学校某教学楼为例，以红外技术为主，倾斜摄影技术为辅的采集方案，采用同位空间坐标匹配法，经过坐标转换和 2种异源空间数据融合，获取含有建筑病害信息的精细化三维模型电子档案，并完成数据融合前后的模型精度对比评估。结果表明：此方法得到的融合模型精度高，点位误差小，能快速、精准获取建筑病害空间位置，为建筑无损检测技术的实际应用提供新的思路，对建立建筑信息化监、修、管一体化运维体系具有研究价值和实际应用意义。

鉴于气浮台姿态测量是实现气浮台控制的重要基础, 为了实现三轴气浮台姿态准确、快速测量, 提出一种基于单目视觉的实时、高精度的姿态测量方法。采取一种鲁棒性强的三轴气浮台靶标形状及布局来提高姿态获取精度。提出一种拟合圆心流程, 通过粗获取与精获取方法对靶标进行实时、鲁棒跟踪。最后利用提取到的圆心位置信息采用迭代最小二乘的姿态估计算法解算出气浮台的位姿信息。实验结果表明: 单目视觉测量算法的实时帧数可达20帧, 静态姿态测量精度约为0.02°, 动态姿态测量精度约为0.12°, 能够满足气浮台对姿态测量时的实时性、准确性、鲁棒性需求。

以薄皮库尔勒香梨、硬皮山竹为材料, 研究水果自身性质及红外脉冲激光标刻参数对标刻效果及标刻后水果贮藏品质的影响, 分析了不同果皮含水量、果皮硬度和标刻速度对激光标刻颜色、线宽和连续性的影响, 并得到了在相对最优工艺参数下, 贮藏期间水果果皮标刻区域的局部形貌、标记稳定性及腐烂情况。结果表明, 果皮含水量、果皮硬度及标刻速度对薄皮、硬皮水果标刻效果均有显著影响, 且在贮藏期间, 标刻区域的标记稳定性较好, 对贮藏品质基本无影响。这为探究同种水果个体差异性和不同种水果的自身性质对激光标刻效果的影响提供了一定的借鉴意义。

Docetaxel-based chemotherapy, as the first-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), has succeeded in helping quite a number of patients to improve quality of life and prolong survival time. However, almost half of mCRPC patients are not sensitive to docetaxel chemotherapy initially. This study aimed to establish models to predict sensitivity to docetaxel chemotherapy in patients with mCRPC by using serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). A total of 32 mCPRC patients who underwent docetaxel chemotherapy at our center from July 2016 to March 2018 were included in this study. Patients were dichotomized in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response group (n = 17) versus PSA failure group (n = 15) according to the response to docetaxel. In total 64 matched spectra from 32 mCRPC patients were obtained by using SERS of serum at baseline (q0) and after 1 cycle of docetaxel chemotherapy (q1). Comparing Raman peaks of serum samples at baseline (q0) between two groups, significant differences revealed at the peaks of 638, 810, 890 (p < 0.05) and 1136 cm1 (p < 0.01). The prediction models of peak 1363 cm^-1 and principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA–LDA) based on Raman data were established, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the prediction models were 71%, 80% and 69%, 78% through the way of leave-one-out cross-validation. According to the results of five-cross-validation, the PCA–LDA model revealed an accuracy of 0.73 and AUC of 0.83.

利用溶胶凝胶法制备了Mg0.3Zn0.7O薄膜, 并制作了金属半导体金属结构的深紫外探测器。研究了高质量ZnO缓冲层的引入对Mg0.3Zn0.7O薄膜的吸收谱和结晶特性以及Mg0.3Zn0.7O紫外探测器响应参数的影响。实验结果表明: ZnO缓冲层的引入使Mg0.3Zn0.7O薄膜的紫外可见光吸收谱有轻微的红移, 但可以明显提高薄膜的结晶质量, 同时ZnO/Mg0.3Zn0.7O探测器的IV特性表明, ZnO缓冲层的引入可以显著提高器件的光电流, 改善其响应特性, 在20V偏压下将Mg0.3Zn0.7O探测器的响应度由0.035A/W提高至0.63A/W。

针对彩色图像加密运算量大、空间需求较大和安全性低的问题, 提出一种基于新型混沌的彩色图像加密算法。将彩色图像的三维矩阵转换为二维矩阵后对明文图像进行小波变换, 低频小波系数矩阵进行重叠分块, 然后进行矩阵块置乱操作和小波反变换, 实现图像的初次加密; 利用Lorenz和tent混沌系统, 根据动态参数控制混沌系统模型构造新的混沌系统, 新的混沌系统生成伪随机数对初次加密后图像进行扩散操作, 最终得到加密图像。仿真实验证明, 图像经加密后能很好地隐藏原有信息, 能抵抗统计、差分等攻击。

由于超疏水表面在防腐、油水分离、流体减阻和液体转移方面的应用潜力，如何制作性能优异的超疏水表面成为研究热点。材料表面的形貌特征是决定其润湿性能的一个重要因素，因此，通常采用表面结构化来获得超疏水性能。在材料表面构织微纳结构方面，基于脉冲激光的微纳加工技术具有得天独厚的优势，尤其是在制作特定图案的复杂结构方面。本文根据激光器的脉冲宽度分类，通过刻蚀后材料表面形貌和润湿性特征对激光制作超疏水表面的基本理论和典型工艺方法进行介绍和总结，并对超疏水表面的发展前景作出展望。

折反射周视系统作为近十几年发展起来的一种新型周视视觉实现形式，相比相机旋转扫描、多相机图像拼接和鱼眼镜头大视场成像等常规方法，在小型化、结构灵活性、成本和实时性方面具有优势。本文综述了折反射周视系统的成像模型、系统标定、畸变校正和全视场清晰成像等基本问题研究状况，讨论了折反射周视系统在红外成像和立体视觉领域的扩展应用研究现状，最后总结了目前存在的问题，并提出未来折反射周视成像系统将围绕非单视点成像模型、提高空间分辨力的方法和处理算法实时实现开展研究。